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正文 第26节 文 / [英]亚当·斯密

    台湾小说网  www.192.tw栗子网  www.lizi.tw台湾小说网  www.192.tw56,togetherhthetworebellionsof

    1715and1745.intheurseofthefourfreion

    hasntraillionsof

    debt,overandabovealltheotherextraordinaryannualexpense

    putedat

    lessthantillions.sogreatashareoftheannual

    produceofthelandandlabouroftheuntryhas,sihe

    revolution,beeneloyedupondifferentoaintaining

    araordinarynuerofunproductivehands.buthadnotthose

    hisparticulardiretoseacapital,the

    greaterpartofitployedin

    intainingproductivehands,ed,

    ption.thevalueof

    theannualproduceofthelandandlabouroftheuntrywould

    havebeennsiderablyincreasedbyiteveryyear,andevery

    yearsincreaseeillrethatofthe

    folloorelands

    proved,andthoseproved

    beforeorenufactureswould

    havebeeablished.andthoseablished

    beforeoreextended;andtoheightthereal

    ight,bythisti,havebeen

    raised,itisnotperhapsveryeasyeventoigine.

    butthoughtheprofusionofgoventst,undoubtedly,

    haveretardedthenaturalprogressofenglandtohand

    irovent,ithasnotbeeopit.theannualproduce

    ofitslandandlabouris,undoubtedly,chgreateratpresent

    thaherestorationorattherevolution.the

    ployedincultivatingthisland,

    andinintainingthislabour,stlikeuchgreater.in

    thedstofalltheexaent,thiscapitalhas

    beelyandgraduallyacculatedbytheprivatefrugality

    andgoodnductofindividuals,bytheiruniversal,ntinual,

    anduninterruptedefforttobettertheiroion.itis

    thiseffort,protectedbylaytoexert

    itselfinthehatisstadvantageous,hhas

    intaiheprogressofenglandtoeand

    iroventinalstallforrtis,andistobe

    hoped,es.england,ho

    hasneverbeenblessedoniousgovent,so

    parsinyhasatnotibeenthecharacteristicalvirtueofits

    inhabitants.itisthehighestiertinendpresution,

    therefore,inkingsandopretendtochoverthe

    enoofprivatepeople,andtorestraintheirexpeher

    bysutuarylaportationn

    luxuries.theyaretheelvesalhoutanyexception,

    thegreatestspendthriftsinthesociety.lettheookwell

    aftertheiroaysafelytrustprivatepeople

    htheirs.iftheirancedoesnotruie,

    thatoftheirsubjeeverwill.

    asfrugalityinihepublic

    capital,sothenductofthoseequalstheir

    revenue,ulatingorencroag,her

    ini.sodesofexpense,ho

    tontributeretothegrohanothers.

    therevenueofanindividualybespeherinthings

    ediediately,andinhonedaysexpense

    aybe

    spentinthingsredurable,ulated,

    andinay,ashechooses,either

    alleviateorsupportaentheeffectofthatofthe

    folloanoffortune,forexale,yeitherspend

    hisrevenueinaprofuseandsutuoustable,andinintaining

    agreatnuerofnialservants,andaltitudeofdogsand

    horses;oringhielfhafrugaltableandfew

    attendants,heylayoutthegreaterpartofitinadoinghis

    houseorhisuntryvilla,inusefuloroantalbuildings,in

    usefuloroantalfuiture,iingbooks,statues,

    piorefrivolous,jewels,baubles,ingenious

    trisofdifferentkinds;or,osttriflingofall,in

    assingagreathes,likethefavouriteand

    nisterofagreatprin

    ofequalfortuospendtheirreveheonechieflyinthe

    oneagnificeoftheperson

    dities,wouldbe

    ntinuallyincreasing,everydaysexpeributing

    sothingtosupportaentheeffectofthatofthe

    follohatoftheother,orary,wouldbenreaterattheendoftheperiodthanatthebeginning.the

    forr,too,an

    ofthetekindorother,

    ightnotbehallthatitst,would

    alething.notraceorvestigeoftheexpenseof

    thelatterain,andtheeffectsoftenortyyears

    profusioelyannihilatedasiftheyhadnever

    existed.

    astheonedeofexpenseisrefavourablethaher

    totheopulenceofanindividual,soisitlikeothatofa

    nation.thehouses,thefuiture,theclothingoftheria

    littleti,beeusefultotheinferiorandddlingranksof

    people.theyareabletopurchasetheeirsuperirow

    ,andthegeneralacdationofthewholepeople

    isthusgraduallyiroved,odeofexpensebees

    universalangnoffortune.inuntrieshhavelongbeen

    rich,youlyfindtheinferiorranksofpeoplein

    possessionbothofhousesandfuitureperfectlygoodand

    eofhertheoneuldhavebeenbuilt,nor

    theotherhavebeeheiruse.erlyaseat

    ofthefalyofseyurishroad.the

    rriagebedofjasthefirstofgreatbritain,hhisqueen

    broughtdenrkasapresentfitforasnto

    ketoasofan

    alehouseatdunferine.insoacities,her

    havebeenlongstationary,orhavegoodecay,you

    etisscardasinglehousehuldhavebeen

    builtforitspresentinhabitants.ifyougointothosehouses

    too,youanyexcellent,thoughantiquated

    piecesoffuiture,illveryfitforuse,andh

    uldaslittlehavebeehenoblepalaces,

    gnifitvillas,greatllesofbooks,statues,pictures

    andothere

    ...
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