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lasts.suselvesproduothing,areall
intaiheproduenslabour.ultiplied,
therefore,toanunnecessaryheyyinaparticular
yearnsusogreatashareofthisproduce,asnottoleavea
suffiaintainingtheproductivelabourers,whoshould
reproduextyear.theyearsproduce,therefore,will
belessthanthatofthefoing,andifthesadisorder
shouldntihatofthethirdyearilllessthan
thatofthesend.thoseunproductivehands,whoshouldbe
intainedbyapartonlyofthesparerevehepeople,y
nsusogreatashareoftheirhereby
obligesogreataoencroachupontheircapitals,upon
thefuinedfortheintenanceofproductivelabour,that
allthefrugalityandgoodnduaynotbeable
topeheeanddegradationofproduceoccasionedby
thisviolentandforent.
thisfrugalityandgoodnduct,hoost
oexperience,suffittopensate,
notonlytheprivateprodigalityandsnductofindividuals,
butthepublient.theunifornstant,
anduninterruptedeffortofeveryerhisndition,
theprinciplefroonal,ase
opulenceisinallyderived,isfrequentlypoo
intaiuralprogressofthingstoprovent,in
spitebothoftheextravagaandofthegreatest
errorsofadnistration.liketheunknoal
life,itfrequentlyrestoreshealthandvigourtothe
nstitution,inspite,notonlyofthedisease,butofthe
absurdprescriptionsofthedoctor.
theannualproduceofthelandandlabourofanynation
beineansbutbyincreasing
eitherthenuerofitsproductivelabourers,ortheproductive
poployed.the
nuerofitsproductivelabourers,itisevident,everbe
creased,butinnsequenceofanincreaseofcapital,or
ofthefuinedforintainiheproductivepowers
ofthesanueroflabourersotbeincreased,butin
nsequeneadditionandiroventtothose
esandinstruntsateandabridgelabour;or
ofareproperdivisionanddistributionofeloynt.in
eitherostal
isbyansofanadditionalcapitalonlythattheuakerof
anyenaeryor
keareproperdistributionofeloyntangthewhen
theberofparts,tokeepevery
nnstantlyeloyedinoneuchgreater
ployedinevery
differentpartofthepare,therefore,thestate
ofanationattperiods,andfind,thattheannual
produceofitslandandlabourisevidentlygreateratthelatter
thanattheforr,thatitslandsarebettercultivated,its
nufaerousandreflourishing,anditstrade
reextensive,aybeassuredthatitscapitalsthave
increasedduriervalbethosethat
resthavebeeoitbythegoodhan
hadbeentakenfroteitherbytheprivatesnductofothers
orbythepublient.butweshallfind
thistohavebeeallnations,inall
tolerablyquietandpeaceabletis,evenofthose
ehestprudentandparsiniousgovents.tofor
rightjudgntofit,indeed,ustparethestateofthe
untryatperiodssooher.the
progressisfrequentlysogradualthat,atnearperiods,the
iroventisnotonlynotsensible,butfrohedesion
eitherofcertainbranchesofindustry,orofcertaindistricts
oftheuntry,thiishappenthoughtheuntry
ingeneralbeiprosperity,therefrequentlyarisesa
suspithattherichesandindustryoftheaying.
theannualproduceofthelandandlabourofengland,for
exale,iscertainlychgreaterthanitore
thauryago,attherestorationofcharlesii.though,at
presehis,yetduringthis
period,fiveyearshaveseldoassedaebookor
pahlethasnotbeenpublished,ten,too,hsuch
abilitiesastogainsoauthorityhthepublid
pretendingtodenstratethatthehofthenation
deing,thattheuntryed,agriculture
ed,nufacturesdeg,andtradeundone.norhave
thesepubliphlets,theched
offspringoffalsehoodandvenality.nyoftheavebeen
tenbyverydidandveryintelligentpeople,e
nothingbuttheybelieved,andfoootherreasonbut
becausetheybelievedit.
theannualproduceofthelandandlabourofengland,again,
uchgreaterattherestoration,thanan
supposeittohavebeenaboutanhundredyearsbefore,atthe
accessionofelizabeth.atthisperiod,too,wehaveallreason
tobelieve,theuntryuprovent
thanithadbeenaboutaturybefore,tohecloseofthe
dissensiohehousesofyorkandlancaster.eventhen
itternditionthanithadbeenatthe
nor,andatthenorhanduringthe
nfusionofthesaxoarchy.evenatthisearlyperiod,it
oreiroveduntrythanattheinvasionof
juliuscaesar,estate
erica.
ineachofthoseperiods,houch
privateandpublianyexpensiveandunnecessary
intaining
produetis,inthe
nfusionofcivildisrd,suchabsoluteearu
ofstock,asghtbesupposed,notonlytoretard,asit
certainlydid,thenaturalacculationofriches,buttohave
lefttheuntry,attheendoftheperiod,poorerthanatthe
beginning.thus,inthehappiestandstfortunateperiodof
thell,thatany
disordersandsfortuneshaveoccurred,heyhave
beenforeseen,notonlytheioverishnt,butthetotalruinof
theuntrythehefireandthe
plagueoflondochhedisordersofthe
revolution,thehefourexpensivefrenchwarsof
1688,1702,1742,and17
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