小说站
小说站 欢迎您!
小说站 > 历史军事 > 国富论(英文版)

正文 第13节 文 / [英]亚当·斯密

    栗子网  www.lizi.tw栗子小说    m.lizi.tw小说站  www.xsz.twheuntryuldeasilyabsorband

    eloy.thosepaherefore,hadsolongagogivenallthe

    assistahetradersandotheruakersofstlandh

    itispossibleforbanksandbankers,nsistentlyhtheirown

    iogive.theyhadevendonesoore.theyhad

    overtradedalittle,andhadbroughtupontheelvesthatloss,

    oratleastthatdinutionofprofit,hisparticular

    businessneverfailstoattendthesllestdegreeof

    overtrading.thosetradersandotheruakers,havinggotso

    chassistancefroanksandbankers,ore.

    thebanks,theyseeohavethought,uldextendtheircredits

    toghtbeed,houtincurringanyother

    expensebesidesthatofafesofpaper.theyplainedof

    thentractedvieardlyspiritofthedirectorsof

    thosebanks,,theysaid,extendtheircreditsin

    proportiontotheextensionofthetradeoftheuntry;aning,

    nodoubt,bytheextensionofthattradetheextensionoftheir

    osbeyondtheyuldcarryoherhtheir

    oal,orhtheyhadcredittoborroe

    peopleintheusuale.thebanks,theyseebr >

    tohavethought,osupplythedeficy,

    andtoprovidetheallthecapitalheyedto

    tradeh.thebanks,hoopinion,and

    upontheirrefusiendtheircredits,soofthose

    tradershadreursetoanexpediente,served

    theirpurpose,thoughatachgreaterexpeas

    effectuallyastheutstextensionofbasuldhave

    dohisexpediehantheof

    draheshifttouraders

    havesotisreurseheyareuponthebrinkof

    bankruptohisnnerhadbeen

    longknoheurseofthelatewar,

    ptationto

    overtrading,issaidtohavecarriedontreatextent.

    fronglanditintostland,ion

    totheverylitedroderatecapitalof

    theuntry,ituchgreaterextentthan

    iteverhadbeeninengland.

    thepracticeofdrao

    allnofbusihatityperhapsbethoughtunnecessarytiveaothehands

    ofnypeopleenofbusiness,andastheeffectsof

    thispracticeuponthebankingtradearenotperhapsgenerally

    uoodevenbynofbusiheelves,ishallendeavour

    toexplainitasdistinctlyasi.

    theerts,ablishedhe

    barbarouslaaheir

    ntracts,andheurseofthetturies

    havebeenadoptedintothelaions,have

    givensuchextraordinaryprivilegestobillsofexgethat

    neyisrereadilyadvanthanuponanyother

    speciesofobligation,especiallyadepayable

    onthsaftertheirdate.

    if,esdue,theacceptordoesnotpayitas

    soonasitispresented,hebeesfrohatntabankrupt.

    thebillisprotested,ausuponthedrawer,who,ifhe

    doeselypayit,beeslike.if,

    beforeitcatothepersonsittotheacceptorfor

    paynt,ithadpassedthroughthehandsofseveralother

    persons,ooherthe

    sofiteitherinneyoods,andoexpressthat

    eahadinhistureceivedthoses,hadallof

    thentheirorderendorsed,thatis,esupon

    thebackofthebill;eadorserbeesinhistuliableto

    theohebillforthoses,and,ifhefailsto

    pay,hebeestoofrohatntabankrupt.thoughthe

    dra,

    bepersonsofdoubtfulcredit;yetstilltheshortnessofthe

    dategivessosecuritytotheohebill.thoughallof

    theaybeverylikelytobeebankrupts,itisaceif

    theyallbeesoinsoshortati.thehouseiscrazy,saysa

    self,andstandverylong;butit

    isaceifitfallstonight,andiure,therefore,

    tosleepinittonight.

    thetraderainedinburgh,weshallsuppose,drawsabill

    uponbinlondon,payabletonthsafterdate.iybin

    londonohingtoainedinburgh;butheagreestoacceptof

    asbill,uponnditionthatbeforetheterfpayntheshall

    redraesutogetherhthe

    iandassion,anotherbill,payablelikewo

    nthsafterdate.bagly,beforetheexpirationofthe

    firsttonths,redrahisbilluponainedinburgh;who

    again,beforetheexpirationofthesendtonths,drawsa

    sendbilluponbinlondon,payablelikeonthsafter

    date;andbeforetheexpirationofthethirdtonths,bin

    londonredraherbill,payablealsotwo

    nthsafterdate.thispraesgoneon,notonly

    forseveralnths,butforseveralyearstogether,thebill

    alulated

    iandssionofalltheforrbills.theiwas

    fivepertintheyear,andthessionhan

    onehalfperissionbeied

    rethansixtisintheyear,oneyaghtraiseby

    thisexpedientstneore

    thaperesagreatdealre;

    ssionhappeorise,orwhen

    hepoundiupoerestand

    ssionofforrbills.thispracticealledraising

    neybycirculation.

    inauntryheordinaryprofitsofstothe

    greaterpartofrtileprojectsaresupposedtoruween

    sixandtenpert,itsthavebeenaveryfortunate

    speculatiousuldnotohe

    enorusexpeoneyhusborrowedfor

    carryingiton;butafford,besides,agoodsurplusprofittothe

    projeanyvastaensiveprojects,however,were

    uaken,andforseveralyearscarriedonhoutanyother

    fundtosupporttheesidesous

    expeheprojesthe

    stdistinctvisionofthisgreatprofit.upontheirawaking,

    hoherattheendoftheirprojects,orheywere

    nolongerabletocarrythen,they

    ...
(快捷键 ←)上一章 本书目录 下一章(快捷键 →)
全文阅读 | 加入书架书签 | 推荐本书 | 打开书架 | 返回书页 | 返回书目