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www.xsz.twcharacterihstanza:
ideeplyruethepassing,
andonaeipacethestedisle.
beforetheheonwillows,
andontheile.
thispaiutlooksotislosesitselfinasheerdelightinntacth
sandflyingisasihirdstanza.butaytakeanexalefro
su,yehli,eonaseinlatespring:
pairbypair,littleshebookshelveshop.dotbydot,littlepetalsontheinkslabdrop.
readingthebookofgesisitnearawindow,
fetfulhougerspringhusstop.
thissubjectivityofoutlook,upledhaninfienderfeelingforthebirdsand
anils,eufutospeakofthe”gfists”ofeegretsrestingonthe
sandbank,andofthe”strikingfins”ofjuingfishnearhisboat.andherewesee
thestiingpointinesepoetry梩heeinfuhlung.theuseoftheword
”fists”fortheegrets3claerelyaliterarytaphor,forthepoethasso
identifiedhielfthatheprobablyfeelstheghielfandwishes
hisreaderstosharethisetionalinsight.hereseethestists
nuteobservatioails,butratherthepoetskeennessesfroove,
assharpasaloverseyes,andasunfailingaasathersintuition.this
einfuhlung,thissharingofhuionshtheuniverse,thispoetic
transfortionofdeadobjeount”onesdoorstepandthe
lrass”enter”oneshispoeticillusion,forillusionitis,isfelt
sointuitivelyandsonstantlythatitseetonstitutetheveryessenceofese
poetry.ananalogyanst
beindeedreorlessintoxicatedhnaturetoethefollohen
ngoaboutthelotusfloiveofheine:
lightlydipshergreenbon,
herhasblown;
redandnakedsheshowsherself,
whensheissureofbeingalone.
thisrevieentof
serygaiong,eouandthespiritofese
poetryanditsculturalvaluetothenation.thisculturalvalueistwofold,
rrespondingtothebroadclassificationofesepoetryintothetypes:i
haofary,orpoetryofro,carefree,giventoalifeof
etion,andexpressiagainsttherestraintsofsocietyandteaga
profoundloveofnature,and2ry,orpoetryofartisticrestraint,tender,
resigned,sadaandtheloveof
onesfellohepooranddorodden,andinculgahatredof
war.
angthefirsttypeybeclassifiedghuyuan343290b.c.,thepastoralpoets
liketaoyuanng,hsiehlyiin,enghaojan68940,thecrazy
nkhanshanaroundtheyear900,u803852,po
chuyi,yuan779831andthegreatestpoetessofa,ligchao
10811141.nostrictclassificationis,ofurse,possible,butthereentalpoets,likeliholigchi,790816,lishangyin
813858andhisnteyun,houchurulerof,
553604andnalanhsingtehanchu,16551685,stdistinguishedfortheir
lovelyrics.
thefirsttypeisbestrepresentedbylipo,oftufusays:
s,
hesleepsinaninnofgancity.
theeerorsentforhive,
saying,”ihegodofajesty”
lipoisasprinceofvagabos,,his
panionshipoon,hisloveofhighuntainsery,andhisnstant
aspiration:
oh,uldibutholdacelestialsword
andstabaheseas
liposrontidedfinallyinhisdeathfroeagfortheshadohe
onintheerinadruandfallingoverbood,infinitelygood,that
thestaidandapparentlyunfeelingesreachfortheshadowof
theonanddiesuchapoeticdeath
isthattheesehadthisloveofnatureitutedthepoetryoftheir
existendthefullnessoftheirheartsintoliterature.it
taughttheeseareong
thenfolkofotheations.ihaveseenaesecroexcitedatthesight
ofabirdinaaihebr >
shareanfeelingofgayirresponsibilityandbrokedohebarriersof
hostilityangstrangers,asonlyanobjeondelightuld.theworshipof
thepastorallifehaslouredtheure,andtodayofficialsor
s”asthestelegant,thestrefinedand
stsophisticatedaitioniheythinkof.thevogueissogreatthateven
thedeepestdyedsundrelofapoliticiahingofli
posrontihisnature.actuallyisuspectevenheiscapableofsuchfeelings,
becauseafterallheisaese.asaese,heknouchlifeish,and
atdnight,gazingthroughhisthestars,thelinesheleaedatchildhood
eba:
ihroughthewholelivelongday.
hearingspringdsoonbegone,ihurriedonboourtyardichattedonk,
andsoleisurelypassedonerehalfdayaway.
tohiitisaprayer.
thesendtypeisbestrepreseufu,hhisquiet
huur,hisrestraint,histeohepoorand
oppressed,andhisunncealedhatredofwar.
is,too,thattheesehavepoetsliketufuand
pochiiyi,rayoursorroyainus
asenseofpassionfornkind.tufulivedintisof
politiinelikeour
oe:
atsandansions,
andhunbonesarerottingoutsidetheirdoors,
asilaoteulberryidenby
hsiehfangteh:
hthedeadofthenight
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