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www.xsz.twoaeuropeaneirewasno
slluaking.itronghandsandacapable
head.peterpossessedboth.intheyear1698,thegreat
operationofgraftingdeeuropeuponarussiawas
perford.thepatientdidnotdie.butheover
theshock,astheeventsofthelastfiveyearshaveshownvery
plainly.
russiavs.sweden
russiaandsanyo
decideheleading
poheasteeurope
intheyear1698,tsarpetersetforthuponhisfirst
voyagetoeeurope.hetravelledbywayofberlinand
ost
beendroedeboatinthedudof
hisfathersuntryho.thispassionforained
totheendofhislife.inapracticalshowed
itselfinhisainsaccessto
theopensea.
heunpopularandharshyoungrulerwasaway
froo,thefriendsoftheoldrussianos
tos.asuddenrebellionang
hislifeguards,thestreltsiregint,forcedpetertohasten
hobythefastil.heappointedhielfexecutionerin
chiefareltsieredandkilledto
thelastn.sistersophia,heheadofthe
rebellion,erandtheruleofpeterbe
ga.thisseedintheyear1716when
peterhadgoneonhissehe
reaariesfolloheleadershipofpetershalfted
son,alexis.agaisarretuedihaste.alexis
ehinhisprisoncellandthefriendsofthe
oldfashionedbyzantinearchedthousandsofdreary
lestotheirfiinationinthesiberianleadnes.
afterthat,nofurtheroutbreaksofpopulardisook
plainpeace.
itisogiveyoualistofhisreforinological
order.thetsarhfurioushaste.hefollowed
nosysteheissuedhisdecreeshsuchrapiditythatitis
diffiedtofeelthateverything
thathadeverhappenedbeforeirelyhewhole
ofrussiathereforestbegedhintheshortestpossible
ti.behindayof
200,000nandanavyoffiftyships.theoldsystefgovent
hadbeenabolishedoveight.thedu,orion
ofnobles,hadbeendisssedandinitsstead,thetsar
hadsurroundedhielfhanadvisoryboardofstateofficials,
calledthesenate.
russiaentsorprovinces.
roadsructed.to.industries
edpleasedthetsar,houtanyregard
forthepresenceofraaterial.alsines
ountainsoftheeast.inthislandofilliterates,
schoolsentsofhigherleaing,
togetherhuiesandhospitalsandprofessional
senandartisans
frollovertheovetorussia.
printingshopsustbefirstread
bytheierialsors.thedutiesofeachclassofsociety
ofcivilandallaheredintoaseriesofprinted
volus.theoldrussianstusperial
deen,ardhscissors,g
alltheuntryroads,ou
jikssuddenlyintoapleasingitationofsothshaven.
europeans.
inreligioustters,thetsartoleratednodivisionof
poustbenoceofarivalrybetweenan
eerorandapopeashadhappenedineurope.intheyear
1721,peterdehielfheadoftherussianchurch.the
patriarosheholysynod
deitsappearahehighestsourceofauthorityinall
ttersoftheestablishedchurch.
sinsuldnotbesuccess
fulentshadarallyingpointinthe
toovehisgoventtoa
theuhyrshesofthebalticsea
thetsarbuiltthishelandin
theyear1703.fortythousandpeasantsworkedforyears
tolaythefoundationsforthisierialcity.theswedes
attackedpeterandtriedtodestroyhistownandillnessand
serykilledtensofthousandsofthepeasants.butthework
r,andthereadydetown
sooogroheyear1712,itiallyde
perialresidence.adozenyearslater
ithad75,000inhabitants.theywas
floodedbytheneva.buttheterrifichetsar
.
erdiedin1725heheohelargestcity
innortheeurope.
ofurse,thissuddengrowthofsodangerousarivalhad
beenasourceofgreathis
side,peterhadanyadventuresof
hisbalticrival,thekingdofsheyear1654,
christina,theonlydaughterofgustavusadolphus,thehero
ofthethirtyyearshethroneandhad
goorotoendherdaysasadevoutcatholic.aprotestant
nepheavusadolphushadsucceededthelast
queenofthehouseofvasa.undercharlesxandcharles
xi,theneyhadbroughtsoitshighestpoint
ofdevelopnt.butin1697,charlesxidiedsuddenlyand
een,charlesxii.
thisontforanyofthenorthestates
haded.duringthegreatreligiousheseveh
tury,stheexpenseofheeighbours.
thetihade,sotheohought,tobalaheat.
atonceark
andsaxonyontheoneside,aher.
theraiesofpeterrouslybeaten
byberof
theyear1700.thenostiinglitary
gehaties
andfoineyearshehackedandbuedhishroughthe
villagesandarkaic
provinces,erdrilledandtrainedhissoldiersindistant
russia.
asaresult,intheyear1709,ileofpoltahe
svitesdestroyedtheexhaustedaresofswede
...