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www.xsz.twkingyea,evendivineright,were
preferabletoaneeersofthesa
race.othershouch
feareddissenters,heurageoftheir
nvis.theyenwhodid
nottoseearetuoftheolddaysofabsoluteroyal
power.
foralsttenyears,thesetparties,thewhigs
theddleclasselent,calledbythisderisivenabe
causeintheyear1640alotofsttishoresorhorse
droversheadedbythepresbyterianclergy,hadrchedto
edinburghtoopposethekingaoriesahet
inallyusedagainsttheroyalistirishadherentsbutnow
appliedtothesupportersofthekingopposedeachother,but
heraboutacrisis.theyalloo
diepeaesii
tosucceedhisbrotherin1685.butes,afterthreatening
theuntryhtheterriblefionofa``standing
arndedbyen,
issuedasenddeclarationofindulgen1688,and
orderedittobereadinallanglichurches,hejusta
triflebeyondthatlineofsensibledercationhlybe
transgressedbythestpopularofrulersundervery
exstances.sevenbishopsrefusedtoply
nd.theyious
libel.theybeforeaurt.thejuryh
pronouheverdictof``notguiltyreapedarichharvest
ofpopularapproval.
atthisunfortu,jasarriage
hadtakentoariaoftheodena
estebeeantthatthethrone
ogotoacatholicboyratherthantohisoldersisters,
ryandanne,anireet
againgreariaofdenaoooldtohave
childrenitofaplotastrangebabyhadbeen
broughtintothepalacebysojesuitpriestthatengland
ghthaveaonardsoon.itlookedasif
anothercivil.thensevenwellknown
n,bothteraskingthehusband
ofjassoldestdaughterry,iiithestadtholder
orheadofthedutchrepublic,toetoenglandand
delivertheuntryfrotslaentirelyundesirable
sn.
ohofheyear1688,landed
attorbay.ashedidnotakeartyroutofhis
fatherinlatoescapesafelytofran
the22ndofjanuaryof1689hesuonedparliant.on
the13thoffebruaryofthesayearheandhisary
edjointsnsofenglandary
heprotestantcause.
parliant,havinguakehihan
areadvisorybodytothekihebestofits
opportuheoldpetitihtsoftheyear1628was
fishedoutofafottennookofthearchives.asendand
redrastiahatthesnof
englandshouldbelongtotheanglichurch.furtherre
itstatedthatthekinghadnhttosuspendthelawsor
pertcertainprivilegedcitizenstodisobeycertainla
stipulatedthat``entnotaxesuld
beleviedandnoaruldbeintaihusintheyear
1689didenglandacquireanauntoflibertyunknownin
anyotheruntryofeurope.
butitisnotonlyonaeasure
thattheruleofinenglandisstillreered.during
hislifeti,goventbya``responsiblenistryfirst
developed.nokingofurserulealone.heneedsafew
trustedadvisors.thetudorshadtheirgreatuncilh
posedofnoblesandclergy.thisbodygreoo
large.itall``privyuncil.inthe
urseoftiitbeeet
thekinginacabiinthepalace.heheyalled
the``cabiuncil.afterashortheywereknown
asthe``cabi.
,likestenglishsnsbeforehihad
angallparties.buththeincreased
strengthofparliant,hehadfounditiossibleto
directthepoliticsoftheuntryhthehelpofthetories
ajorityinthehouseofns.
thereforethetorieshadbeendisssedandthecabiuncil
hadbeeirelyofwhigs.afeer
ns,the
king,forthesakeofnvenience,olookforhis
supptheleadingtories.untilhisdeathin1702,
uch
aboutthegoventofengland.practicallyalliortant
affairshadbeeohiscabiuncil.s
sisterinlain1702thisnditionof
affairsntinued.unately
notasingleoneofherseventeenchildrensurvivedherthe
throeiofthehouseofhahesonof
sophie,granddaughterofjasi.
thissoonarch,whoneverleaedaword
ofenglish,plicatedzesofenglands
politicalarras.helefteverythingtohiscabi
undkeptatheiretings,hbored
hishedidnotuandasiehisway
thecabigotintothehabitofrulingenglandandstland
enthadbeenjoihatofengland
in1707houtbtheking,tospend
agreatdealofhistioi.
duringthereignofgeeiandgeeii,asuccessionreatefor
tedthecabiunciloftheking.
theirleaderheofficialleadeot
onlyoftheaajoritypartyin
poent.theattetsofgeeiiitotake
ttersintohisotoleavetheactualbusiness
ofgoventtohiscabirousthat
theytheearliestyearsofthe
eightee,
inistryedtheaffairs
oftheland.
tobequitetrue,thisgoventdidnotrepresentall
aninadozenhadtheright
tovote.butitoderepresentative
fovent.inaquietandorderlyfashionit
tookthepothe
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