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小说站 > 历史军事 > The Spirit of Law-法的精神(英文版)

正文 第56节 文 / [法国]Montesquieu/孟德斯鸠

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    again,thereisnoliberty,ifthejudiciarypothelegislativeaive.joinedightbehavehviolendoppression.

    thereenorthesabody,herofthenoblesorofthepeople,toexercisethosethreepohatofenaglahatofexegthepublicresolutions,andthecausesofindividuals.

    stkingdoineuropeenjoyaderategoventbecausethepridreadfuloppression.

    intherepublientisobligedtohavereursetoasviolentthodsforitssupportaseventhatoftheturks;outhiallhoursthrotenaccusations.

    inustthepoorsubjeebodyofgistratesarepossessed,asexeaypluhestatebytheirgeneraldeternations;andastheyhavelikeayberuiheirparticulardecisions.

    thepthati.

    heisthatnyoftheprincesofeurope,hasbeenlevelledatarbitrarypoagistradallthegreatofficesofstate.

    ialloerehereditaryaristoagistratessotisderatesthepoagistraagistratesallbelongingtothesabody;ostohesapower.

    thejudiesoftheyear,andnsistentlyandnnerprescribedbylaoerectatribunalthatshouldlastonlysolongasyrequires.

    bythisthodthejudicialpoankind,notbeingaoanyparticularstateorprofession,bees,asitagistrate.

    inainalnature,itisproperthepersonaeasure,hisjudges,inncurrehatthereiningpartybedeedhisohoice.

    theothertaybegivenrathertogistratesorperbodies,beorethanthegeneralhestate,ahertheexecutionofthatgeneralwill.

    butthoughthetribunalsoughtnottobefixed,thejudgntsought;andtosuabletotheletterofthelaheytobetheprivateopinionofthejudge,peoplehenliveinsociety,houtexactlykureoftheirobligations.

    thejudgesoughtlikeerankastheaagineheisfallenintothehandsofpersonsinhrigour.

    ifthelegislatureleavestheexecutivepoprisonthosesubjectse,inheyarereallyfree,beingsubjelytothepohelaw.

    butshouldthelegislaturethinkitselfindangerbysoseightauthorisetheexee,toirisonsuspectedpersons,hatcaseheirlibertyonlyforaopreserveitforever.

    andthisistheonlyreasohodthatagistracyoftheephori,andtothestateinquisitorsofvenice,ic.

    asinauntryofliberty,everynpossibleinlargestates,andinsllonesissubjeyinnvenieisfitthepeopleshouldtransactbytheirrepresentativesselves.

    theinhabitantsofapartieers,therefore,ofthelegislatureshouldhegeneralbodyofthenation;butitisproperthatineverynsiderableplacearepresentativeshouldbeelectedbytheinhabitants.8

    thegreatadvantageofrepresentativesis,theirelyunfit,ocracy.

    itisnotatallurgentandpressingoightbestoppedbythecapriceofasingleperson.

    r.sidneyabodyofpeople,asinholland,theyoughttobeatabletotheirnstituents;butitisadifferentthing

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