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正文 第35節 文 / [英]亞當•斯密

    台灣小說網  www.192.tw台灣小說網  www.192.tw小說站  www.xsz.tw.theriches,andsofaraspowerdependsupon

    riches,thepoustalion

    tothevalueofitsannualproduce,thefundfroxes

    stultitelybepaid.butthegreatobjectofthepolitical

    enoofeveryuntryistoiherichesandpowerof

    thatuntry.itought,therefore,togivenopreferenor

    superiorenuragenttothefntradeofnsutionabove

    thehotrade,nortothecarryingtradeaboveeitherofthe

    hthertoforortoallureiherof

    thosetershareofthecapitaloftheuntry

    thanofitsord.

    heproduceofanyparticularbranchofindustry

    exust

    besentabroadahingforhereisa

    dendatho.houtsuchexportationapartoftheproductive

    labouroftheuntrystcease,andthevalueofitsannual

    produish.thelandandlabreatbritainproduce

    generallyre,andof

    thehorketrequires.thesurpluspartofthetherefore,

    stbesentabroad,ahingforhere

    isadendatho.itisonlybyansofsuchexportationthat

    thissurplusacquireavaluesuffittopehe

    labourandexpenseofprodugit.theneighbourhoodofthe

    seaast,andthebanksofallnavigablerivers,are

    advantageoussituationsforindustry,onlybecausethey

    facilitatetheexportationandexgeofsuchsurplusproduce

    forsothingelseoreihere.

    hefngoodshuspurchasedhthe

    surplusproduestidustryexceedthedendofthe

    horket,thesurpluspartoftheustbesentabroadagain

    ahingreiho.about

    niysixthousandhogsheadsoftobacareannuallypurchased

    invirginiaandrylandhapartofthesurplusproduceof

    britishindustry.butthedendofgreatbritai

    require,perhaps,rethanfourteenthousand.ifthereining

    eightythousand,therefore,uldabroadand

    exethingreiho,theiortation

    oftheustceaseiediately,andhittheproductivelabour

    ofallthoseinhabitantsofgreatbritai

    eloyedinpreparingthegoodshheseeightytwo

    thousandhogsheadsareannuallypurchased.thosegoods,hare

    partoftheproduceofthelandandlabreatbritain,

    havingho,andbeingdeprivedofthathey

    hadabroad,stostroundabout

    fntradeofnsution,thereforey,uponsooccasions,

    beasnecessaryforsupptheproductivelabourofthe

    untry,andthevalueofitsannualproduce,asthestdirect.

    hecapitalstockofanyuntryisincreasedtosucha

    degreethatitployedinsupplyingthe

    nsutionandsupptheproductivelabourofthat

    particularuntry,thesurpluspartofitnaturallydisges

    itselfintotheingthe

    saofficestootheruhecarryingtradeisthe

    naturaleffedsytofgreatnationalh;butitdoes

    notseeobethenaturalenwhohave

    beendisposedtofavouritentsseeo

    havestakentheeffedsytoorthecause.holland,in

    proportiontotheextentofthelandandthenuerofits

    inhabitants,byfartherichestuntryineurope,has,

    agly,thegreatestshareofthecarryingtradeofeurope.

    england,perhapsthesendrichestuntryofeurope,is

    likeohaveansiderableshareofit;though

    nlypassesforthecarryingtradeofenglandwill

    frequently,perhaps,befoundtobehanaroundabout

    fntradeofnsution.suchare,iasure,the

    tradeshegoodsoftheeastandindies,andof

    ariarkets.thosegoenerally

    purchasedeitheriediatelyhtheproduceofbritish

    industry,orethingelseh

    thatprodudthefiusofthosetradesaregenerally

    usedornsudibritairadehiscarriedon

    inbritishbottobethedifferentportsofthe

    diterranean,andsotradeofthesakindcarriedonby

    britishrtsbetake,

    perhaps,theprincipalbranchesofisproperlythecarrying

    tradeofgreatbritain.

    theextentofthehotradeandofthecapitalhbe

    eloyedinit,isnecessarilylitedbythevalueofthe

    surplusproduceofallthosedistantplaceshiry

    oexgetheirrespectiveprodush

    ahatofthefntradeofnsution,bythevalue

    ofthesurplusproduceoftheryandofbe

    purchasedhit:thatofthecarryingtradebythevalueofthe

    surplusproduceofallthedifferentuhes

    possibleextent,therefore,isinannerinfiniteinparison

    ofthatoftheotherthe

    greatestcapitals.

    theionofhisoeprofitisthesole

    tiveiheoployit

    eitherinagrieparticular

    branchoftheailtrade.thedifferentquantities

    ofproduotion,andthe

    differentvaluesayaddtotheannual,produceofthe

    landandlabourofthesociety,agasitiseloyedin

    oherofthosediffereohis

    thoughts.inuherefore,ost

    profitableofalleloynts,andfarngandirovi

    directroadstoasplendidfortuhecapitalsofindividuals

    ployedintheadvaothe

    tohave

    nosuperiorityoverthoseofothereloyntsinanypartof

    europe.projectors,indeed,ineveryerofit,havehin

    thesefeusedthepublistgnifitats

    oftheprofitstobedebytheproventof

    land.houtenteringintoanyparticulardiscussionoftheir

    pleobservationysatisfyusthatthe

    resultoftheustbefalse.ostsplendid

    fortuhathavebeenacquiredintheurseofasinglelife

    bytradeandnufaallcapital,

    sotisfroocapital.asianceofsuchafortune

    acquiredbyagricultureii,andfroucha

    capital,hasnot,perhaps,occurred

    ...
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