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正文 第16节 文 / [英]亚当·斯密

    台湾小说网  www.192.tw小说站  www.xsz.tw栗子网  www.lizi.twhisbankintoa

    seneralloanofficeforthery.thosewho

    usthaveappliedtothisbankinsteadof

    applyingtotheprivatepersonsoney.but

    abankoneyperhapstofivehundreddifferent

    people,thegreaterpartofitsdirectorsowvery

    littleabout,isnotlikelytoberejudiciousinthechoiceof

    itsdebtorsthanaprivatepersononeyanga

    fehekno

    hethinkshehasgoodreasontohedebtorsofsucha

    bankasthateatof

    ,tobechirical

    projectors,thedraingbillsof

    exoneyiravagantuakings,

    ,they

    plete,andhey

    shouldbepleted,heexpenseheyhad

    reallyst,aintaininga

    quantityoflabourequaltothatployedabout

    thethesoberandfrugaldebtorsofprivatepersons,onthe

    ntrary,orelikelytoeloytheneyborrowedin

    soberuakingsioheircapitals,and

    ighthavelessofthegrandandthe

    rvellous,oreofthesolidandtheprofitable,

    halargeprofiteverhadbeenlaidout

    upontheandhusaffordafundcapableof

    intainingachgreaterquantityoflabourthanthathhad

    beeneloyedaboutthethesuccessofthisoperation,

    therefore,allestdegreethecapital

    oftheuntry,ransferredagreatpartofit

    frorudentandprofitabletoirudentandunprofitable

    uakings.

    thattheindustryofstlandlanguishedforoney

    toeloyitous.law.by

    establishingabankofaparticularkind,stohave

    igiissuepapertotheauntofthewholevalueof

    allthelandsiry,heproposedtoredythisof

    heparliantofstland,proposedhis

    project,didnotthinkpropertoadoptit.iterwards

    adopted,evariations,bythedukeoforleans,atthat

    tiregentoffranultiplying

    papertoalstaentherealfoundationofis

    calledthessissippische,thestextravagantprojectboth

    ofbankingandstockjobbingthat,perhaps,theworldeversaw.

    thediffereionsofthisscheareexplainedsofully,

    sor.du

    veey,inhisexanationofthepoliticalreflesupon

    rr.dutot,thatishallnotgiveany

    a.theprinciplesuponwasfoundedare

    explainedby.laself,inadisursengneyand

    trade,landproposedhis

    project.thesplendidbutvisionaryideasforthin

    thatandsoothereprinciplesstillntinue

    tokeaniressionuponnypeople,andhave,perhaps,in

    part,ntributedtothatexcessofbankinge

    beenplainedofbothinstlandandinotherplaces.

    thebankofenglandisthegreatestbankofcirculationin

    europe.ited,inpursuanceofanactof

    parliant,byacharteruhegreatseal,datedthe27thof

    july,1694.itatthattiadvahesufone

    llionthousandpounds,foranannuityofone

    huhousandpounds;orforl96,000ayeari,atthe

    rateofeightpert,andl4000ayearfortheexpenseof

    hecreditofthe,establishedbythe

    revolution,aybelieve,sthavebeenverylowas

    obligedtoborrosohigha.

    in1697thebankoenlargeitscapitalstockby

    anengraftntofl1,001,17110s.itsalstock

    therefore,auhistitol2,201,17110s.this

    engraftntissaidtohavebeenforthesupportofpublic

    credit.in1696,tallieshadbeenatforty,andfifty,andsixty

    pertdisunt,andbankypert.duringthe

    greatreihesilver,e,

    thebankhadthoughtpropertodisntihepayntofits

    notes,heirdiscredit.

    inpursuahe7thanne,c.7,thebankadvand

    paidintotheexakinginallthe

    sufl1,600,000hadadvanceduponitsinalannuity

    ofl96,000iandl4000forexpenseof.in1708,

    therefore,theenthatof

    privatepersons,siuldborrosixperti

    thenlegalaeofthosetis.inpursuanceof

    thesaaountof

    l1,775,02717s.1012d.atsixperti,andthe

    satiallootakeinsubscriptionsfordoublingits

    ouo

    l4,402,343;andithadadvahesuf

    l3,375,02717s.1012d.

    byacalloffifteenpertin1709,thereaidinand

    destockl656,204is.9d.;andbyaenpertin

    1710,l501,44812s.11d.innsequehosetalls,

    therefore,thebankcapitalauol5,559,99514s.8d.

    inpursuahe3rdgeei,c.8,thebankdelivered

    uptillionsofexchequerbillstobecelled.ithadat

    thisti,therefore,adva17s.10d.in

    pursuahe8thgee1,c.21,thebankpurchasedofthe

    southseapanystoountof14,000,000;andin1722,

    innsequehesubscriptionshadtakeninfor

    enablingittokethispurchase,itscapitalstockwas

    increasedbyl3,400,000.atthisti,therefore,thebankhad

    advahepublicl9,375,02717s.1012d.;anditscapital

    stotedonlytol8,959,99514s.8d.ithis

    ohebankhadadvahepublic,

    andforreceivedi,beganfirsttoexceedits

    forpaidadividendtothe

    proprietorsofbankstock;or,ithebank

    begantohaveanundividedcapital,overandaboveitsdivided

    ohasntiohaveanundividede

    kindeversin1746,thebankhad,upondifferentoccasions,

    advahepublicl11,686,800anditsdividedcapitalhad

    beenraisedbydifferentcallsandsubscriptionstol10,780,000.

    thestateofthosetshasntiobethesaever

    sinpursuahe4thofgee

    ...
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