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正文 第2节 文 / [英]亚当·斯密

    栗子小说    m.lizi.tw小说站  www.xsz.tw台湾小说网  www.192.twarevenueorprofittoitseloyer.

    first,itybeeloyedinraising,nufacturing,or

    puragainhaprofit.the

    anneryieldsnorevenueorprofitto

    itseloyer,ainsinhispossession,or

    ntihesashape.thegoodsofthertyieldhibr >

    norevenueorprofittillhesellstheorney,andtheney

    yieldshislittletillitisagainexgedfoods.his

    hinoneshape,auing

    tohinanother,anditisonlybyansofsuchcirculation,

    orsuccessiveexges,thatityieldhinyprofit.such

    ayveryproperlybecalledcirculating

    capitals.

    sendly,itybeeloyedintheiroventofland,in

    thepuraesandinstruntsoftrade,orin

    suchlikethingsasyieldarevenueorprofithoutging

    sters,orcirculatinganyfurther.suchcapitals,therefore,

    yveryproperlybecalledfixedcapitals.

    differentoccupationsrequireverydifferentproportions

    betployedinthe

    theerple,isaltogethera

    aesor

    instruntsoftrade,unlesshisshop,orwarehouse,be

    nsideredassuch.

    sopartoftheasterartificeror

    nufacturerstbefixediruntsofhistrade.this

    part,hoallinso,andverygreatinothers.a

    stertailorrequiresnootherinstruntsoftradebutaparcel

    ofneedles.thoseofthestershoekerarealittle,though

    butaverylittle,reexpehoseoftheweaverrisea

    gooddealabovethoseoftheshoeker.thefargreaterpartof

    theasterartificers,however,is

    circulated,eitherintheen,orintheprice

    oftheirterials,andrepaidhaprofitbythepriceofthe

    work.

    inreaterfixedcapitalisrequired.in

    agreatirohefuaeltingtheore,

    thefe,theslittll,areinstruntsoftrade

    beerectedines

    ofeverykind,theerynecessarybothfordrathe

    oreexpensive.

    thatpartoftheerployedin

    theinstruntsofagricultureisafixed,thatployed

    ienanceofhislabservants,isa

    circulatingcapital.hekesaprofitoftheonebykeepingit

    inhisoheotherbypartinghit.the

    priceorvalueofhislabcattleisafixedcapitalinthe

    sahatoftheinstruntsofhusbandry.their

    intenanceisacirculatingcapitalinthesahat

    ofthelabservants.thefarrkeshisprofitbykeeping

    thelabcattle,andbypartingainteh

    thepridtheintehecattlein

    andfattened,notforlabour,butforsale,areacirculating

    capital.thefarrkeshisprofitbyparting.a

    flockofsheeporaherdofcattlethat,inabreedinguntry,

    isboughtiherforlabour,norforsale,butio

    keaprofitbytheirilk,andbytheir

    inadebykeepingthe

    theirintenanadeby

    partingesbackhbothitsoand

    theprofituponthehecattle,inthepriceof

    theilk,andtheincrease.thehe

    seed,too,isproperlyafixedcapital.thoughitgoesbackwards

    andfroundandthegranary,itneverges

    sters,andthereforedoesnotproperlycirculate.thefarr

    keshisprofit,notbyitssale,butbyitsincrease.

    thegeneralstoeh

    thatofallitsinhabitantsorers,andthereforenaturally

    dividesitselfintothesathreeportions,eachofhhasa

    distinoroffice.

    thefirstisthatportiondiate

    nsution,andofhecharacteristicis,thatitaffords

    norevenueorprofit.itnsistsiockoffood,clothes,

    householdfuiture,etc.,heir

    propernsurs,buted.the

    eredoo,subsistingatanyone

    tiiry,keapartofthisfirstportioock

    thatislaidoutinahouse,ifitistobethedwellinghouseof

    theproprietor,onttoserveinthefun

    ofacapital,ortoaffordanyrevesowner.a

    dributesnothingtothereves

    inhabitant;andthoughitis,nodoubt,extrelyusefultohi

    itisashis,

    akesapartofhisexpense,andnotofhis

    revenue.ifitistobelettoatenantforrent,asthehouse

    itselfustalherent

    outofsootherrevenuelabour,or

    stoayyieldareveo

    itsproprietor,andtherebyserveinthefunofacapitalto

    hiitotyieldanytothepubliorserveinthefun

    ofacapitaltoit,andtherevehehe

    peopleeverbeinthesllestdegreeincreasedbyit.

    enner,sotis

    yieldarevenue,andtherebyserveinthefunofacapital

    toparticularpersons.inuntrieson,

    itisatradetoletoutsqueradedressesfht.

    upholsterersfrequentlyletfuiturebythenthorbythe

    year.uakersletthefuitureoffuneralsbythedayandby

    theanypeopleletfuishedhouses,aarent,not

    onlyfortheuseofthehouse,butforthatofthefuiture.the

    revenue,hosuchthingsstalways

    beultitelydrasoothersourceofrevenue.ofall

    partsofthestock,eitherofanindividual,orofasociety,

    reservedforiediatensution,islaidoutinhousesis

    stsloed.astoaylastseveralyears:

    astockoffuiturehalfaturyoratury:butastockof

    houses,aylastny

    ption,however,

    isredistant,theyarestillasreallyastockreservedfor

    iediatensutioherclothesorhouseholdfuiture.

    thesendofthethreeportionsintohegeneral

    stockofthesocietydividesitself,isthefixedcapital,of

    hecharacteristicis,thatitaffordsarevenueorp

    ...
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