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www.lizi.twgoldand
thesilverofcathayandzipanguthedisposaloftheir
stajesties.
alas,luusneverkh.toheend
ofhislife,onhisfourthvoyage,ainland
ofsoutharica,heyhavesuspectedthatallwas
notbelief
thatthereibetweeneuropeandasia
andthathehadfoundthedirectroutetoa.
auguese,stigtotheireasteroute,
hadbeeuheyear1498,vasdaga
hadbeeoreaalabarausafely
tolisbonhacargoofspitheyear1502hehad
repeatedthevisit.butalongtheeroute,theworkof
explorationhadbeenstdisappointing.in1497and1498
johnaiancabothadtriedtofindapassagetojapan
buttheyhadseennothingbutthesnosandthe
rocksofnebeensightedbythe
northn,fiveerigovespucci,aflorentine
ethepilotjorofspain,andwhogavehis
natoour,hadexploredtheastofbrazil,but
hadfoundnotatraceoftheindies.
intheyear1513,sevenyearsafterthedeathofluus,
thetruthatlastbegantodahegeographersof
europe.vasnunezdebalboahadusof
pana,hadcliedthefauspeakindarien,andhad
lookeddoedto
suggesttheexistenceofanothero.
finallyintheyear1519afleetoffivesllspanishships
underndofthepuesenavigator,ferdinandde
gellan,sailedeasthatroute,
elyinthehandsofthepuesewhoallowedno
petitioninsearagellancrossed
theatlanticbethward.
hereachedanarroostpoint
ofpatagonia,the``landofthepeoplehthebigfeet,and
thefireislandsonadonatofafire,theonlysignof
theexistenatives,hesailorschedonenight.
foralstfiveercy
oftheterriblestorandblizzardsthroughthe
straits.atinybrokeoutangthesailellan
suppressediten
onshoreheytorepentoftheirsinsatleisure.
atlastthestorquieteddoheelbroadened,and
gellaeredanesand
placid.hecalleditthepeacefulsea,therepacifi.
theinuedinaedire.hesailedfor
daysost
perishedfroungerandthirstaheratsthatied
theships,andheseheycheesof
sailtostilltheirgnawinghunger.
inrchoftheyear1521theysaagellancalled
itthelandoftheladroneseansrobbersbecausethe
nativesstoleeverythingtheyuldlayhandson.thenfurther
othespiceislands
againlandagellan
calledthehephilippines,afterphilip,thesonofhis
sterery.
atfirstgellanwhenheused
thegunsofhisshipstokechristiashewaskilled
bytheabiogetherberofhiscaptainsand
sailors.thesurvivorsbuedohethreereiningships
andntiheirvoyage.theyfoundtheluccas,the
fausspiceislands;theysightedboeoandreachedtidor.
there,ohetooleakytobeoffurtheruse,
reinedbehindhhercretoria,undersebastian
delissedseeingthe
northeastofaustraliadisvereduntil
thefirsthalfofthesevehturyhe
dutcheastindiapanyexploredthisflatandinhospitable
land,andaftergreathardshipsreachedspain.
thisostnotableofallvoyages.ithadtaken
threeyears.ithadbeenacplishedatagreatstbothof
nandney.butithadestablishedthefactthattheearth
buswere
notapartoftheiaseparate.frohat
tion,spainandpaldevotedalltheirenergiestothe
developntoftheirindianandaritrade.toprevent
anardnflictbetherivals,popealexahe
onlyavoostholy
officehadobliginglydividedtheots
byalineofdercatiohdegreeof
longitudeofgreenhesocalleddivisionoftordesillas
of1494.thepueseoestablishtheirlonies
totheeastofthislihespaniardsohavetheirs
totheeri
espanishand
thatalloftheindiesandstofafricabecapuese
untiltheenglishaists
forpapaldecisionstookthesepossessionsaheseveh
aeeuries.
he
rialtoofveheiddleages,there
erriblepanic.stodbondsdown40and50
pert.afterashortbus
hadfailedtofindtheroadtocathay,theveianrts
reveredfrht.butthevoyagesofdagaand
gellanprovedthepracticalpossibilitiesofaeer
routetotheihentherulersofgenoaandvenice,
thetriddleagesandthe
renaissance,begantobesorrythattheyhadrefusedtolisten
toluus.butite
aninlaheoverlandtradetotheindiesand
adoinsignifitproportions.theolddays
ofitaliangloryethenew
erdthereforethetreofcivilisation.
ithasreinedsoeversince.
seehelycivilisationhasprogressedsihose
earlydays,fiftyturiesbefore,heinhabitantsofthe
valleyofthenilebegaenrerdofhistory,
froheriveile,itia,thelaween
therivers.thencathetuofcreteandgreed
ro.aninlandseabecathetreoftradeaies
aloerraneaneofartandsd
philosophyandleaing.ieeur
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