正文 第一七一章：义和团必败（第一更） 文 / 蓦物

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    远东朝鲜国防部大楼会议室中<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>在李宁宇的一段算是表明远东未来发展规划的讲话后<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>主席台上坐着的十多名远东高层<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>都同时用自己的笔记本记录下了<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>这样的一句话<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>不做列强<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>造福百姓<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/65A9D152AD8DB83EF0A02CF839D9F8DE.png)'></span>

    但是就在李宁宇接下来的讲话中<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>众人也算是耳目一新<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>因为李宁宇首先拿出目前在大陆义和团运动作为议题<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/92BF9B8DB64F3C7DC444F45C89B8128A.png)'></span>

    “根据参谋部的分析<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>这次运动爆发的根本原因是19世纪末期<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>各帝国主义疯狂侵略中华边疆和邻近国家<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>边疆地区出现了新的危机<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>自从清政府在甲午海战失败后<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>帝国主义在经济上向大陆大量输出资本<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>在政治上则强占“租借地”和划分“势力范围”<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>掀起了瓜分大陆的强烈热潮<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/65A9D152AD8DB83EF0A02CF839D9F8DE.png)'></span>”

    “同时他们还不忘记在文化上<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>通过教会的方式深入各个城市和乡村中<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>进行知识侵略的活动<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>使一般的老百姓都有了民族危机意识<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>在越演越烈愈加严重的情况下<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>终于爆发了义和团反帝主义的爱国运动<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/65A9D152AD8DB83EF0A02CF839D9F8DE.png)'></span>”

    “起因是在1899年10月上旬<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>山东平原县李庄<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>因教会民众欺压当地群众<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>义和团便立即组织冲击当地的教堂<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>知县派兵前往镇压<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>随后义和团民三百人与清军士兵进行了一场战斗<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>将其击败<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/65A9D152AD8DB83EF0A02CF839D9F8DE.png)'></span>”

    “而参谋部分析的失败根本原因是<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>义和团运动的领导阶级是农民阶级<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>基本群体是农民和小手工业者<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>对清政府提不出切合实际的要求<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/65A9D152AD8DB83EF0A02CF839D9F8DE.png)'></span>”

    “对于这一点我个人是赞同的<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>因为最初<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>义和团他们是以反清复明为宗旨<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>屡遭清政府的镇压<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>最后在严重的民族危机面前<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>义和团把斗争的矛头直指帝国主义<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>提出了扶清灭洋的口号<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>由于农民阶级的局限性<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>没有领导<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>以慈禧太后为首的清政府<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>为了躲开义和团运动打击锋芒<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>被迫采取假宣战<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>真投降的欺骗手法<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>对外投降帝国主义<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>对内镇压义和团运动<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>使义和团处于内外夹攻的境地<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>在国内外敌人的夹击下遭到了失败<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/65A9D152AD8DB83EF0A02CF839D9F8DE.png)'></span>”

    “客观主要原因为<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>中外反动势力的联合绞杀<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>主观原因：扶清灭洋中的扶清<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>使义和团丧失了应有的警惕<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>盲目的排外<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/65A9D152AD8DB83EF0A02CF839D9F8DE.png)'></span>”

    “但是我认为<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>义和团的失败<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>还有一个最重要的一点<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>那就是思想意识的失败<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>为什么这么说呢<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/14719F62B949F558856C312554715D6E.png)'></span>”

    “首先义和团有自己的朴素爱国思想<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>这点没有任何错误<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>全副武装的团员<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>对外国的侵略给中华带来的灾难十分痛恨<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>所以他们表示<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>最恨和约<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>误国殃民<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>上行下效<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>民冤不伸<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/65A9D152AD8DB83EF0A02CF839D9F8DE.png)'></span>还有些义和团组织更希望能使国家从屈辱的境地摆脱出来<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>如红灯照就宣布要以法术<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>远赴东洋<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>索还让地并赔偿白银<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/65A9D152AD8DB83EF0A02CF839D9F8DE.png)'></span>”<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/92BF9B8DB64F3C7DC444F45C89B8128A.png)'></span>

    “其次排外思想<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>爱国思想相对应自然就存在一些排外的思想与举动<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>而这些行为实际上是一个复杂的现象<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>应当进行实事求是的分析<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>不能简单化处理<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/65A9D152AD8DB83EF0A02CF839D9F8DE.png)'></span>”

    “我想大家都知道<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>远东之所以有今天的一切<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>都是因为早期在各国列强国家购买了先进的机械设备<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>同时派出大量的学员和工程师<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>在各国进行学习<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>随后通过多年的学习他们才返回远东<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>开始造福远东百姓<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/65A9D152AD8DB83EF0A02CF839D9F8DE.png)'></span>大家认为是吗<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/14719F62B949F558856C312554715D6E.png)'></span>”

    这是李宁宇抛出的第一个问题<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>不过这是一个很难回答的问题<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>因为如说是<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>那原本部分人心中赞同义和团的做法就不成立了<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>但是不如说不对<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>那么远东现在的一切却是建立在前期依靠西方国家的基础上<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/92BF9B8DB64F3C7DC444F45C89B8128A.png)'></span>

    但是就在部分人举手之后<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>李宁宇却没有立即喊出一两名军官<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>而是继续说道：“对于我刚才所说<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>相信大家心中已经出现了不同的声音<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>那好<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>我们继续分析<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>其一、义和团为抵抗清军镇压或外国侵略军的进攻<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>在部分地区采取的毁铁路拔电杆的行为<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>这些举动是基于战争形势的需要<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>并不存在仇视外国科学技术的问题<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/65A9D152AD8DB83EF0A02CF839D9F8DE.png)'></span>”<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/92BF9B8DB64F3C7DC444F45C89B8128A.png)'></span>

    “其二、部分义和团员基于仇外对西方器物的大规模毁坏<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>于是见到有售洋货者或紧衣窄袖者<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>或物仿洋式<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>或上有洋字者<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>皆毁物杀人<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/65A9D152AD8DB83EF0A02CF839D9F8DE.png)'></span>”

    “此外<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>义和团还杀害了很多无辜卷入的教徒<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>以及一些接受西方文化的知识分子<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>这些行为我觉的是收到封建蒙昧主义的体现<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/65A9D152AD8DB83EF0A02CF839D9F8DE.png)'></span>因为我们远东<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>包括我在内所有的高层<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>都是义和团仇视的对象<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>但是我们有错吗<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/14719F62B949F558856C312554715D6E.png)'></span>”

    “其三、义和团是一个松散的组织<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>一部分义和团不分青红皂白笼统排外的同时<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>另一部分部分义和团并没有完全排斥西方器物<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>一些义和团员在实战中<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>意识到洋枪的优点并加以使用<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>还有一些义和团只要形势需要<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>并不拆毁铁路<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>所以义和团只是一个松散的爱国运动团体<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/65A9D152AD8DB83EF0A02CF839D9F8DE.png)'></span>”

    “还有<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>最重要的一点<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>就是他们的迷信思想<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>由于构成义和团员主体的是农民<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>他们缺乏先进的思想武器<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>只能以落后的迷信思想<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>来解释外国侵略者给中华带来的灾难<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>所以义和团普遍认为中华的灾难是遇上了劫运<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>而灾难的源头就是洋人<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>这种认识<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>对义和团的前期迅猛发展起到了重要作用<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>同时<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>义和团也把抵御外侮的希望寄托在超自然力量上<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>希望通过迷信仪式达到刀枪不入的效果<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/65A9D152AD8DB83EF0A02CF839D9F8DE.png)'></span>”<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/92BF9B8DB64F3C7DC444F45C89B8128A.png)'></span>

    “但是这些迷信思想在义和团运动的初期<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>起到了一定作用<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>共同的迷信思想成为联结各个义和团组织的纽带<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>使义和团在组织松散的状况下仍能坚持斗争<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>不过义和团的迷信思想<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>最后成为维持纪律的工具<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/65A9D152AD8DB83EF0A02CF839D9F8DE.png)'></span>”

    “当然<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>迷信思想并不能在先进技术前取胜<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>故在义和团运动后期<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>迷信思想在很大程度上失去了作用<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>部分义和团员曾经高涨的士气衰落<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>由于封建思想的毒害<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>许多群众都有传统的忠君思想<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>在义和团运动中的扶清灭洋口号就是一个表现<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>不过<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>这里的忠君应该理解为<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>效忠慈禧太后而非光绪皇帝<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/65A9D152AD8DB83EF0A02CF839D9F8DE.png)'></span>”

    “所以我分析<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>义和团必败<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/65A9D152AD8DB83EF0A02CF839D9F8DE.png)'></span>”